Contents
1 The Body
What is anatomy? XXX
How can gross anatomy be studied? XXX
Important anatomical terms XXX
Imaging XXX
Diagnostic imaging techniques XXX
Image interpretation XXX
Plain radiography XXX
Ultrasound XXX
Computed tomography XXX
Magnetic resonance imaging XXX
Nuclear medicine imaging XXX
Positron emission tomography XXX
Image interpretation XXX
Safety in imaging XXX
Body systems XXX
Skeletal system XXX
Cartilage XXX
Bone XXX
Joints XXX
Skin and fascias XXX
Skin XXX
Fascia XXX
Muscular system XXX
Cardiovascular system XXX
Lymphatic system XXX
Lymphatic vessels XXX
Lymph nodes XXX
Lymphatic trunks and ducts XXX
Nervous system XXX
Central nervous system XXX
Functional subdivisions of the CNS XXX
Other systems XXX
2 Back
Regional anatomy XXX
Skeletal framework XXX
Vertebrae XXX
Intervertebral foramina XXX
Posterior spaces between vertebral arches XXX
Curvatures of vertebral column XXX
Joints XXX
Joints between vertebrae in the back XXX
Ligaments XXX
Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments XXX
Ligamenta flava XXX
Supraspinous ligament and ligamentum nuchae XXX
Interspinous ligaments XXX
Back musculature XXX
Superficial group of back muscles XXX
Intermediate group of back muscles XXX
Deep group of back muscles XXX
Thoracolumbar fascia XXX
Spinal cord XXX
Vasculature XXX
Meninges XXX
Arrangement of structures in the vertebral canal XXX
Spinal nerves XXX
3 Thorax
Regional anatomy XXX
Pectoral region XXX
Breast XXX
Muscles of the pectoral region XXX
Thoracic wall XXX
Superior thoracic aperture XXX
Inferior thoracic aperture XXX
Skeletal framework XXX
Intercostal spaces XXX
Diaphragm XXX
Venous drainage XXX
Innervation XXX
Movements of the thoracic wall and diaphragm during breathing XXX
Pleural cavities XXX
Pleura XXX
Lungs XXX
Mediastinum XXX
Middle mediastinum XXX
Superior mediastinum XXX
Posterior mediastinum XXX
Anterior mediastinum XXX
4 Abdomen
Regional anatomy XXX
Surface topography XXX
Four-quadrant pattern XXX
Nine-region pattern XXX
Abdominal wall XXX
Superficial fascia XXX
Anterolateral muscles XXX
Extraperitoneal fascia XXX
Peritoneum XXX
Innervation XXX
Arterial supply and venous drainage XXX
Lymphatic drainage XXX
Groin XXX
Inguinal canal XXX
Abdominal viscera XXX
Peritoneum XXX
Peritoneal cavity XXX
Organs XXX
Arterial supply to the gastrointestinal tract XXX
Venous drainage XXX
Lymphatics XXX
Innervation XXX
Posterior abdominal region XXX
Posterior abdominal wall XXX
Viscera XXX
Vasculature XXX
Lymphatic system XXX
Nervous system in the posterior abdominal region XXX
Sympathetic trunks and splanchnic nerves XXX
5 Pelvis and Perineum
Regional anatomy XXX
Pelvis XXX
Bones XXX
Joints XXX
Orientation XXX
Gender differences XXX
True pelvis XXX
Viscera XXX
Fascia XXX
Peritoneum XXX
Nerves XXX
Blood vessels XXX
Lymphatics XXX
Perineum XXX
Borders and ceiling XXX
Ischio-anal fossae and their anterior recesses XXX
Anal triangle XXX
Urogenital triangle XXX
Somatic nerves XXX
Visceral nerves XXX
Blood vessels XXX
Veins XXX
Lymphatics XXX
6 Lower Limb
Regional anatomy XXX
The Hip XXX
Bony pelvis XXX
Proximal femur XXX
Hip joint XXX
Gateways to the lower limb XXX
Nerves XXX
Arteries XXX
Veins XXX
Lymphatics XXX
Deep fascia and the saphenous opening XXX
Femoral triangle XXX
Gluteal region XXX
Muscles XXX
Nerves XXX
Arteries XXX
Veins XXX
Lymphatics XXX
Thigh XXX
Bones XXX
Muscles XXX
Arteries XXX
Veins XXX
Nerves XXX
Knee joint XXX
Tibiofibular joint XXX
Popliteal fossa XXX
Leg XXX
Bones XXX
Joints XXX
Posterior compartment of leg XXX
Lateral compartment of leg XXX
Anterior compartment of leg XXX
Foot XXX
Bones XXX
Joints XXX
Tarsal tunnel, retinacula, and arrangement of major structures at the ankle XXX
Arches of the foot XXX
Plantar aponeurosis XXX
Fibrous sheaths of toes XXX
Extensor hoods XXX
Intrinsic muscles XXX
Arteries XXX
Veins XXX
Nerves XXX
7 Upper Limb
Regional anatomy XXX
Shoulder XXX
Bones XXX
Joints XXX
Muscles XXX
Posterior scapular region XXX
Gateways to the posterior scapular region XXX
Nerves XXX
Arteries and veins XXX
Axilla XXX
Axillary inlet XXX
Anterior wall XXX
Medial wall XXX
Lateral wall XXX
Posterior wall XXX
Gateways in the posterior wall XXX
Floor XXX
Contents of the axilla XXX
Arm XXX
Bones XXX
Muscles XXX
Nerves XXX
Arteries and veins XXX
Elbow joint XXX
Cubital fossa XXX
Forearm XXX
Bones XXX
Joints XXX
Anterior compartment of the forearm XXX
Muscles XXX
Arteries and veins XXX
Nerves XXX
Posterior compartment of forearm XXX
Muscles XXX
Arteries and veins XXX
Nerves XXX
Hand XXX
Bones XXX
Joints XXX
Carpal tunnel and structures at the wrist XXX
Palmar aponeurosis XXX
Anatomical snuffbox XXX
Fibrous digital sheaths XXX
Extensor hoods XXX
Muscles XXX
Arteries and veins XXX
Nerves XXX
8 Head and Neck
Regional anatomy XXX
Head XXX
Neck XXX
Skull XXX
Anterior view XXX
Lateral view XXX
Posterior view XXX
Superior view XXX
Inferior view XXX
Cranial cavity XXX
Roof XXX
Floor XXX
Meninges XXX
Cranial dura mater XXX
Arachnoid mater XXX
Pia mater XXX
Meningeal spaces XXX
Brain and its blood supply XXX
Brain XXX
Blood supply XXX
Venous drainage XXX
Cranial nerves XXX
Olfactory nerve [I] XXX
Optic nerve [II] XXX
Oculomotor nerve [III] XXX
Trochlear nerve [IV] XXX
Trigeminal nerve [V] XXX
Ophthalmic nerve [V1] XXX
Maxillary nerve [V2] XXX
Mandibular nerve [V3] XXX
Abducent nerve [VI] XXX
Facial nerve [VII] XXX
Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII] XXX
Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] XXX
Vagus nerve [X] XXX
Accessory nerve [XI] XXX
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] XXX
Face XXX
Muscles XXX
Parotid gland XXX
Innervation XXX
Vessels XXX
Scalp XXX
Layers XXX
Innervation XXX
Vessels XXX
Lymphatic drainage XXX
Orbit XXX
Bony orbit XXX
Eyelids XXX
Lacrimal apparatus XXX
Sensory innervation XXX
Fissures and foramina XXX
Fascial specializations XXX
Muscles XXX
Vessels XXX
Innervation XXX
Eyeball XXX
Ear XXX
External ear XXX
Middle ear XXX
Internal ear XXX
Temporal and infratemporal fossae XXX
Bony framework XXX
Temporomandibular joints XXX
Masseter muscle XXX
Temporal fossa XXX
Infratemporal fossa XXX
Pterygopalatine fossa XXX
Skeletal framework XXX
Gateways XXX
Contents XXX
Neck XXX
Fascia XXX
Superficial venous drainage XXX
Anterior triangle of the neck XXX
Posterior triangle of the neck XXX
Root of the neck XXX
Pharynx XXX
Skeletal framework XXX
Pharyngeal wall XXX
Fascia XXX
Gaps in the pharyngeal wall and structures passing through them XXX
Nasopharynx XXX
Oropharynx XXX
Laryngopharynx XXX
Tonsils XXX
Vessels XXX
Nerves XXX
Larynx XXX
Laryngeal cartilages XXX
Extrinsic ligaments XXX
Intrinsic ligaments XXX
Laryngeal joints XXX
Cavity of the larynx XXX
Intrinsic muscles XXX
Function of the larynx XXX
Vessels XXX
Nerves XXX
Nasal cavities XXX
Lateral wall XXX
Regions XXX
Skeletal framework XXX
External nose XXX
Paranasal sinuses XXX
Walls, floor, and roof XXX
Choanae XXX
Gateways XXX
Vessels XXX
Innervation XXX
Oral cavity XXX
Skeletal framework XXX
Walls: the cheeks XXX
Floor XXX
Salivary glands XXX
Roof-palate XXX
Oral fissure and lips XXX
Oropharyngeal isthmus XXX
Teeth and gingivae XXX
